Blood Cancer
What is Blood Cancer?
Blood cancer is a type of cancer that affects the blood, bone marrow, or lymphatic system. It interferes with the production and function of normal blood cells.
Unlike solid tumors, blood cancers usually do not form a lump, but affect blood cells circulating in the body.
Main Types of Blood Cancer
1️⃣ Leukemia
Cancer of the blood and bone marrow.
Affects white blood cells
Can be acute (fast-growing) or chronic (slow-growing)
2️⃣ Lymphoma
Cancer of the lymphatic system (lymph nodes).
Hodgkin Lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
3️⃣ Multiple Myeloma
Cancer of plasma cells (a type of white blood cell) in bone marrow.
Common Symptoms
Symptoms may vary, but common signs include:
Persistent fever
Frequent infections
Weakness & fatigue
Unexplained weight loss
Easy bruising or bleeding
Swollen lymph nodes (neck, armpit, groin)
Bone pain
Night sweats
⚠️ If symptoms persist for more than 2–3 weeks, medical evaluation is necessary.
Causes & Risk Factors
Genetic mutations
Family history
Exposure to radiation
Chemical exposure (like benzene)
Previous chemotherapy
Weak immune system
In many cases, the exact cause is unknown.
Diagnosis
Blood tests (CBC – Complete Blood Count)
Peripheral smear
Bone marrow biopsy
CT / PET scan
Flow cytometry & genetic testing
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on type and stage:
🔹 Chemotherapy
Most common treatment
🔹 Targeted Therapy
Drugs that target specific cancer cells
🔹 Immunotherapy
Boosts body’s immune system to fight cancer
🔹 Stem Cell / Bone Marrow Transplant
🔹 Radiation Therapy
Used in selected cases